Neural Responses To Feedback Essay - 976 Words

Abnormal neural responses to feedback in depressed adolescents Summary Depression rates rush during adolescence, specifically among females. In the present study, depressed juvenile females displayed increased neural reactivity to negative outcomes at two altered processing phases, with reactivity in the late stage precisely connected with the indicator of thought. The recent studies show that depressed adolescents are described by sensitivity to harmful consequences and reduced reaction to rewards. In the study, healthy and depressed female adolescents (the ages 13-18 years) completed a gambling task during the 128-channel event related potentials (ERPs) recording. The analyses focused on ERPs that were linked to initial processing of†¦show more content†¦However, based on the five hypotheses, there were no major differences between the two groups. Even though the whole purpose of this experimental study was to gather behavioral data on certain conditioned configuration preferences at the end of the task, it is possible to say that ERPs to inc entive and/or loss response are weakened by background patterns. There were no differences among the effects in predicting the ERPs in the timeframes of FRN or the LPP either. The FRN and LPP were more negative to monetary losses than to wins for both groups. Significance This article contributes to science and our knowledge of psychology by depression being a mood disorder that is perceived amongst in human beings. Depression can be discussed as the â€Å"common cold† of psychoanalysis because how easily it can be often diagnosed. There are many theories to explain the illness of depression through psychology such as through behavior or cognitive. In the behaviorist view of psychology for depression, behaviorism highlights the significance of the environment surrounding us in determining our behaviors. The focus of behaviorism is through observable behaviors and the circumstances in which people study behavior, conditioning, and social culture. Hence depression is the outcome of someone’s communications and interaction skills with their environment. Depression is caused by the abstraction of positive support from a person’s environment with certainShow MoreRelatedRevision Memo On The Classroom1711 Words   |  7 PagesRevision M emo I used the feedback from tutoring, model assignments, and Grammarly. I used Grammarly to check for any grammar, spelling, punctuation, passive voice errors; and to improve sentence beginnings. I used a thesaurus to replace any weak phrases, to receive better transitional phrases. One large scale change that was made throughout the revision is reorganizing my sentences in order to get a better flow and connection between the sentences, this change was suggested by a tutor in the WritingRead More Visual Perception Essay1532 Words   |  7 Pagesinvolves numerous number of organs , that further more are comprised of millions upon millions of firing cells. Perception is not a direct mirroring of stimulus, but a complex chaotic patterns dependent on the simultaneously activity of neurons. This essay deals primarily with neurons from the optical sensory system. The outer ridge of the brain, known as the cerebral cortex begins the analysis of sensory messages. (1) Nevertheless, visual per ception is possibly more widespread than one area of the cerebralRead MoreThe Principles Of Homeostasis And The Contribution Of The Cardiovascular System1483 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay aims to describe the principles of homeostasis, and the contribution of the cardiovascular system to homeostasis. Using the example of congestive heart failure (CHF), the causes and the consequences of a homeostatic imbalance in cardiac output will be explained. Homeostatic principles Homeostasis can generally be defined as the condition in which the body’s internal environment remains relatively constant within physiological limits [1]. This type of equilibrium is dynamic as the bodyRead MoreNeural Interfaces : A Links Between Human Nervous System2099 Words   |  9 PagesNeural interfaces Name Hongyang Chen SID: 311010733 1. Introduction Neural interfaces are one of the most emerging technologies in biomedical research, the goal of neural interface research is to create a links between human nervous system to the outside world by stimulating from neural tissue in order to treat people with sensory, cognitive and motor disabilities. With neural interface technology, people can restore their damaged tissue or neural system by tissue regeneration and prosthetic replacementRead MoreHomeostasis: Feedback and Body1616 Words   |  7 PagesHomeostasis is a simple term which holds a large significance in the functionality of the human body. This essay will discuss and define this term. Explanation as to why homeostasis is important to be maintained and two examples of homeostasis relevant to its control mechanism will be stated in this essay as well. The word homeostasis was first introduced by Walter B. Cannon, an American physiologist, to describe the body’s ability to maintain relative stability of its internal conditions evenRead MoreCalcium Metabolism and Calcium Homeostasis Essays1416 Words   |  6 Pagestransduction, muscle function and cellular adhesion (Hutchins 2014). This essay will outline some of the more important roles of calcium metabolism. The essay will begin by discussing how calcium provides for bone growth and calcium reserves, it will then discuss the importance of calcium in muscle contraction and a brief overview of the calcium signalling toolkit. The final section will then turn to consider chemical synapses. This essay will argue that calcium regulation is a key element integral for humanRead MoreAre Faces Special?2853 Words   |  12 PagesAre faces special? Critically evaluate the evidence that we have evolved a specialised neural network dedicated to processing faces. Brian Marron, 11461 992, SF TSM. INTRODUCTION Processing faces is extremely important to humans as social beings. We are able to put and identity on thousands of faces (Gazzaniga, 2002) with ease, something we might take for granted. The value of this ability can be better understood when the world is viewed through the eyes of somebody with prosopagnosia, the inabilityRead MoreAre Faces Special?2847 Words   |  12 PagesAre faces special? Critically evaluate the evidence that we have evolved a specialised neural network dedicated to processing faces. Brian Marron, 11461992, SF TSM. INTRODUCTION Processing faces is extremely important to humans as social beings. We are able to put and identity on thousands of faces (Gazzaniga, 2002) with ease, something we might take for granted. The value of this ability can be better understood when the world is viewed through the eyes of somebody with prosopagnosia, the inabilityRead MoreTuition Free Online University Essay1691 Words   |  7 Pagesways of cheating loneliness†. I believe gaining companionship from a A.I. robot is a lot more life-like than trying to eliminate the strains of loneliness through social media, but it is a two way street. The response and react time of a robot can be more quicker than waiting on a response on social media if you ever even get one. A robot is also a lot more exclusive to you than the body of avatars on Facebook, but at the end of the day the robot isn’t an actual person. The visualization of havingRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Human Body1796 Words   |  8 Pagesvenoms may be just as much of a ‘friend’ to humans as they are ‘foe.’ This gives rise to the statement ‘venoms can be both friend and foe for humans,’ which is presently supported by a vast wealth of scientific research and anecdotal evidence. This essay will investigate whether venoms truly can be regarded as ‘both friend and foe,’ through the examination of venom, its effects on homeostasis in the human body and the possible consequences and benefits that could arise from these effects. Homeostasis

Rhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jr. s I Have...

Martin Luther King Jr. was the man who wrote the speech entitled â€Å"I have a dream† and presented it to nearly 250,000 people on August 23, 1963. In that speech, MLK Jr. used several different types of figurative language/rhetorical devices in order to convey his message to the people on a deeper level. These devices include personification, allusion, symbolism, hyperbole, metaphor, simile, and anaphora. Personification is a form of figurative language in which something has nonhuman human qualities. One example of this in MLK Jr.’s writing is â€Å"I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up, live out the true meaning of its creed†. Here, he is giving the U.S. the human qualities of being able to rise up from the ground as well as†¦show more content†¦One example of symbolism he used would be, â€Å"Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of justice.† In that quote MLK talks about a dark and desolate valley of segregation and the sunlit path of justice. The dark and desolate valley of segregation is referring to the U.S. at that point in time. People were separated based on their skin color and there was no social or legal justice for the people of dark colored skin. It was a horrible time to live in. The sunlit path of justice MLK Jr. also talks about is how the U.S. should be now and in the future. There would be no segregation or injustice based on skin color. There would be peace between the two races. So, using that knowledge, MLK Jr. is saying, with the use of symbolism, that the U.S. needs to change from its unequal and horrid ways to ones that treat everyone equal. MLK Jr. used hyperboles in his writing not all that often, as he could elaborate on what he had to say to his audience at the time with the use of other types of figurative language and literary devices. A hyperbole is an extremely exaggerated statement that is not being used literally. The o ne big example of of MLK using this type of figurative language would be, â€Å"When we allow freedom to ring - when we let it ring from every city and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children, black men and white men,Show MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. s I Have A Dream 1448 Words   |  6 Pagesmore influential words have been spoken than those uttered by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s, â€Å"I have a dream,† speech. Perhaps one of the most famous and paradigm shifting speeches in all of history, Dr. King’s was spoken with candor, authenticity, fervor, and an enormous amount of tact. With his incredible intelligence and eloquence as a doctorate in Theological Studies, his establishment as such a respected leader, and his fervor and charisma in delivering the speech, Dr. King effectively establishedRead MoreRhetorical Analysis of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr .s I Have A Dream Speech915 Words   |  4 Pages Dr. Martin Luther King delivered his I Have a Dream speech to the thousands of African Americans who had marched on Washington, D.C. at the height of the Civil Rights Movement. The date of the speech was August 28, 1963, but it is one that will live for generations. Of course his purpose was to convince his audience on several fronts: he sought to persuade the black community to stand up for the rights afforded them under the Constitution, and he also sought to Read MoreThe Fight for Freedom1312 Words   |  6 Pageslate 1950’s though the 1960’s, however; Tricia Andryszewski informs her readers that Black Americans had been working for change since before the civil war, but mainly beyond. Some of the most prominent civil rights leaders include Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, Malcolm X, Philip Randolph, and Bayard Rustin. The two main goals of the civil rights activists being, equal rights and treatment for all races. As a result, the â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech was written by Martin Luther King, Jr., a man whoRead MoreAnalysis of Martin Luther King ´s Speech: I Have a Dream1309 Words   |  6 Pageslate 1950’s through the 1960’s, however; Tricia Andryszewski informs her readers that Black Americans had been working for change since before the civil war, but mainly beyond. Some of the most prominent civil rights leaders include Martin L uther King Jr., Rosa Parks, Malcolm X, Philip Randolph, and Bayard Rustin. The two main goals of the civil rights activists being, equal rights and treatment for all races. As a result, the â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech was written by Martin Luther King, Jr., a man whoRead MoreEssay on Martin Luther King Rhetorical Analysis1420 Words   |  6 PagesDreaming About Freedom Martin Luther King Jr.s I Have a Dream speech is one of the most successful and most legendary speeches in United States history. Martin Luther King Jr. was a masterful speaker, who established a strong command of rhetorical strategies. By his eloquent use of ethos, logos, and pathos, as well as his command of presentation skills and rhetorical devices, King was able to persuade his generation that the Negro is not free (King 1). His speech became the rallying cry forRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Martin Luther King Jr.1046 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis Essay Civil rights activist, Martin Luther King Jr. gave his memorable â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech while standing at the feet of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. His uplifting speech is one of the most admired during the civil rights era and arguably one of the best in American history. On August 28th, 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. spoke about the true American dream: equality. Although the video of his oral spectacle is powerful, the written document portrays exactly howRead MoreEssay on Critical Analysis of Martin Luther King, Jr.s Speech1674 Words   |  7 PagesCritical Analysis of Martin Luther King, Jr.s Speech Introduction In this critical analysis I am going to look at Martin Luther King, Jr and the I have a dream speech. Martin Luther King, Jr is very distinguished due to the many outstanding achievements he accomplished throughout his life. He was an American clergyman and he accomplished the Nobel Prize for one of the principal leaders of the American civil rights movement. Kings defiance to segregation andRead MoreUse And Manipulation Of The English Language1394 Words   |  6 Pages reap a great deal of power when mastered. As hyperbolic as it sounds, being able to use and manipulate the English language properly into our writing and speaking can be very influential in advocating ideas towards a community. â€Å"As a speaker, you have some influence on the extent to which others see you as having authority† (Fontaine and Smith 13). To gain authority over an audience, one must write and speak with confidence and be skilled enough to use proper English: that is, following the standardRead MoreEssay on The Kings Dream1588 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement in the 1950’s through 1960’s had many leaders, such as Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks, Malcom X and many more. But King was the only one who stood out of the pack. His purpose was to have equality for all races, not just African Americans. King had addressed a speech that he had written and spoke of it at the Lincoln memorial in Washington D.C on August 28, 1963. In King’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† he motivated and touched not only African Americans but white folks as well inRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King Jr. Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesA civil rights leader by the name of Reverend (PBS, 2016) Martin Luther King Jr. changed the world he occupied and changed the future course of the United States of America by advocating for desegregation. Martin Luther King Junior was on a mission to end the segregation of the African American community. Segregation was the post result of slavery throughout the United States of America which enslaved Africans. He challenged the status quo of the time. Protesting peacefully and advocating for social

Effects of Verbal Communication free essay sample

Verbal Communication Communication of all types can be found everywhere. It does not necessarily have to be spoken or oral, it can be found in verbal and nonverbal forms. This is especially true in the areas of the criminal justice system. Communications can be found in equipment, reports, phones, in roll call, or everyday operations. For police officers and other members of the criminal justice system, communication in some form or type can always be certain. It may be in the form of verbal communication, such as roll call, talking with the public, talking to peers, inmates, administration, or supervisors. It is said that nearly 70 percent of one’s time is spent communicating (2009). Officers or those appointed by the department, talk to the media on a daily basis. Whether it is the television, the newspaper reporters, or the radio, it is on a daily basis. For law enforcement officials there is the need to communicate with the press from time to time. This could be to talk about public affairs, providing information about a situation that the police are involved in, or to make announcements. It is common in most areas that law enforcement appoints a spokesperson for the department.This person chosen represents the community and the department, along with all officers. This person must have the intelligence and the ability to speak clearly and in a concise manner, and have the ability to understand questions if asked. He or she should have some clear understanding of what the media only needs to hear. One way to assure this is to him or her draft a statement, before making the announcement to the press. When drafting the announcement and when reading the announcement, the person should avoid using what is called police jargon or codes.Using such language can be confusing to the general public and may cause confusion with the press. When talking to the press he or she should be able to avoid being distracted and should keep eye contact with those who he or she are talking to. Nonverbal communication between the press and officers can also have a confusing effect at time. â€Å"Sometimes nonverbal messages may contradict verbal; often they may express true feelings more accurately than the spoken or written language (Murphy Hildebrandt). For nonverbal communication, the situations that he or she may want to be careful with can include the stance.There should be no slouching or leaning on the podium. This gives an appearance of the press seeing that he or she either does not want to be there or it could show disinterest. The spokesperson choose vocabulary carefully also. He or she may want to use a friendly tone also, and avoid using emotions during the press release. This must remember that the press usually ahs cameras somewhere that records everything that is said verbally and nonverbally, which may cause some confusion. The courtroom is another place that communication is done daily.Within this setting the law enforcement officer or other personnel, may be called to testify for the prosecutor. Communication in the courtroom setting for police, prosecutors, defense, the suspect, judge and jury, all play a crucial part. The officer when called to testify, should have the ability to understand the questions clearly, is able to listen effectively, and be able to explain the facts written in his or her report. The affidavit is based on the facts that have been written in the officers’ incident report.There may be situations or times when an officer feels uncomfortable, while sitting or standing in a group of other people. Or he or she may fill uncomfortable when having to be in front of the others in the courtroom. The officer should never let emotions or nonverbal cues cloud his or her testimony. During cross-examine; the reputation of the officer could be misinterpreted. Before testimony officers should try to talk to the prosecutor to learn what to expect. He or she may want to practice the testimony also.Being able to communicate verbally and use less nonverbal cues like emotions, could make the difference in the testimony. When testifying the officer should be able to answer in a clear and audible voice with recalling or stating just the facts. He or she may also want to remember to present themselves as a professional and to look and act as one. Not only is his or her reputation at stake, but the department also. For law enforcement personnel who work inside the correctional facility, communication techniques can be a critical part of the job. Officers must be able to talk to their peers, and inmates.The ability to be an active listener, understand, read and write clearly and to follow verbal and nonverbal orders are very important. There may be issues at time among inmates that may cause a barrier of communication. Some of these barriers could include the disruptive inmate, a language barrier, such as a foreign language or a deaf person. There may be the inmate that may cause tension between the officers and others. There are many factors to consider on how to communicate within the correctional setting. There is the use of daily reports that must be filled out by officers.There has to be a clear understanding by the officers and other employees of operating procedures. Incident reports that are fact based must be filled out by officers involved. As with police the correctional officer must also confront inmates and vice versa. The officer should at all times be careful of the nonverbal clues used. This would include his or her emotions at the time, the way he or she stands, or the tone of voice. Most correctional officers are trained on the use of verbal and nonverbal methods of communications before being assigned to the facility (2010).For the peer to peer communication the officer must be able to understand the assignment given, whether it is verbal or nonverbal communications. Assignments are usually given at the beginning of the shift, and it is the responsibility of the officer and peer to have a clear understanding of what it is. If the officer does not understand it is his or her responsibility to ask questions. Another form of peer to peer is among the officers themselves. Communication is a key role inside of the correctional facility when working with the inmates.He or she should be able to understand clearly the instructions that pertain to an inmate or surroundings. He or she must be able to read nonverbal cues from other officers and to be able to read nonverbal cues from the inmates. Within the Juvenile facility, there is a great need for communication of nonverbal and verbal. Like any other facility the officers must be able to understand the importance of filing out the report, whether it be an incident, daily, or new arrival. Each officer must have the intelligence and ability to be able to communicate with a juvenile in custody.Like inmates in the adult correctional setting, juveniles may also become belligerent at times and want to cause problems. The officer must be able to talk with the juvenile as well as be able to listen. Officers must also be able to read the nonverbal cues that are given by the inmates. These could include actions such as throwing of things, language, the stance, eye contact, vocal sounds, and emotions such as anger, sadness and more. Juveniles have a language that seems to be something that they have learned. Most people call it street slang and signs.Most officers are provided continuing training on problems involving juveniles, as well as training to understand the signs and slang used by them. For Officers and other employees of the juvenile facility there is the need to understand clearly the written reports, the operational procedures, releasing of information to outside agencies and families and the ability to talk clearly to peers. Officers and other employees may be called on to answer questions over the phone, concerning a juvenile. They may have to work on computers, and other equipment, or spend hours doing paperwork. This is all an important part of communicating within the facility. When an officer’s peer assigns the officer to a certain department in the facility the officer must have a clear understanding of what is expected of him or her at the time. The one way for the officer to make certain of the assignment, is to ask the needed questions if any should arise. The officer must be able to take orders on a continuous basis and be able to understand the details. When working with other officers there has to be a clear line of communication between the officers. Nonverbal cues, as with any other law enforcement facility should be easily read.The officer must have the ability to do so, in case something should happen. These nonverbal cues could be eye contact, a facial expression, or a nudge, or a physical gesture such as the wave of a hand. As with any other situation officers that work in a juvenile facility must show professionalism and act accordingly. The officer must be careful when using nonverbal communication. These include keeping the emotions from getting away from him or her, keeping the tone of his or her voice from becoming too loud, watching the stance and posture when talking to other employees, inmates, and peers.Communication can be seen in many different forms. These can include fact based reports by law enforcement officers, correctional officers, reports to the press or other media, juvenile facilities and courtrooms. There may be barriers for the officers at times, such as language, ineffective listening, a misunderstanding, or miscommunication. Whatever the reason, for one to communicate properly there must be the ability to understand, listen actively, ask questions when needed, and to speak clearly when asked to.For law enforcement and others in the criminal justice system the need to recognize nonverbal communication is essential. An officer must be able to identify cues given by a suspect, or by an inmate in custody. The law enforcement official should always act and speak in a professional matter when facing the public or fellow workers and supervisors or administrators. He or she must remember that they represent not only themselves but the departments and states they reside in. Effective communication is the key to an effective organization such as the criminal justice system.

Assignment on Financial Theory IASB and AASB

Question: Discuss about the Assignment on Financial Theory for IASB and AASB. Answer: 1. The question requires to be answered in perspective of convergence of accounting standards with the perspective of International Accounting Standards Board which is popularly known as AISB and Australian Accounting Standard Board known as AASB. This convergence is to be ensured with different parameters of accounting which are the basic of maintaining accounting out of which two different issues are being picked up for the purpose of discussing the convergence of IASB and AASB. Issue 1- Post Employment Benefits The simultaneous action of IASB and AASB related to this issue had converged in the year 2013 when IASB has revised the same with IAS 19 which is being followed by AASB with AASB119 related this issue. The main significance of the divergence of both the standards is the inconsistencies which are of significance related to superannuation benefits related to this issue. The implementation of the new needs related to this issue had made it flexible for the users of financial statements for the purpose of understanding the way defined benefit plans can change the respective financial position of the individual through the practices of removal of options and improvement of presentation. This project is being undertaken by the world leaders of accounting standards to make a common platform through which the standards can exercise the concepts in more transparent and clear ways. It is not only IASB or AASB, FASB or Financial Accounting Standard Board is also going through the process of convergence with their earlier action to ensure that the users must feel comfortable while exercising the same for their purpose of accounting. Issue 2-Financial Instruments The convergence of this issue is mainly to make the symmetry between IASB and AASB to match the unification of the instruments through three phases of which first phase was completed in June 2009 and the same was concentrated in recognition and measurement of the balance sheet items with the new enhance standard of IFRS and the phase 3 was concerned with hedging and was completed in 2012. The phase 2 was concerned with impairment and that had been concluded in 2014. These projects are assigned for replacement of IAS 39 which was meant for Financial Instruments; Recognition and Measurement by the new standard for simplifying the recognition, classification and measurement which are required for financial instruments. The complete version of IASB standard had been reissued by the AASB with naming as AASB 9(2014) which replaces the earlier version of 2009 and 2010. Hence the revised version is inclusive of two amended versions AASB 2014-7 and AASB 2014-8. This same standard will be operative as per the standard decision taken by the two boards from 1st January 2018. This entire project was started in 2009 and completed in 2015 with the general application date as 2018. The basic requirement of convergence of these tow concepts had been met with the prerequisites of the accounting professionals in international level(Charteredaccountants, 2016). 2. The rationale of this convergence project is mainly for making a common platform for the accounting professional around the world with the gradual numbers of members in the form of US, Canada, UK, Australia, Japan and European Union. The biggest host of this effort, International Accounting Standards Committee had started new body named as International Accounting Standard Board with the objective of creating an accounting platform in practice with the features of high quality global accounting standard which can be understood and enforced globally which can comply with the International Financial Reporting Standards or IFRS with the attempt to converge the concepts of national accounting standards with IFRS along with the standard setting bodies of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, US, Japan and other dominant European Union Countries which are with the connection of IASB through their members whoa re doing the basic liaison for the relationships amongst IASB and national accountin g standards bodies(Aasb, 2015). The policy statement of AASB had highlighted the area of international convergence with keeping harmony globally so far accounting standards are concerned along with the strategies the Australian Board deploys to achieve them. The specific strategies adopted by AASB to ensure pursuance of global convergence with the harmonization of accounting standards of Australia. Basic objectives of AASB international convergence is promoting pursuance by participating in the activities IASB adopted with the PSC, which promotes the concept of globally accepted single set of accounting standards which may be adopted in Australia and other places for the purpose of both internal and global use to accomplish the benefits come out of it as per the policy statement. This objective cannot be achieved in short period to accomplish the single set of globally accepted accounting standards. The objective of global harmonization of AASB is to ensure working for the development of the standards of accounting in Australia which will harmonize with IFRSs along with the other global standards which are denoted as International Public Sector Accounting Standards( IPSASs) as per issuance of PSC with the conclusion of AASB which states that those standards are in all probability to be in the best possible interests of the entities with the legal status of private and public sector existing in the economy of Australia. The ultimate objective of AASB is not to follow the trending standards of accounting accepted globally like IFRS and IPSASs, but to prove themselves as the best possible accounting standards to be followed globally with the convergence of IASB and PSC so far the deliberation of the accounting standards are concerned of both IASB and PSC to cons ider AASB as the best of the global accounting standards in operation(Aasb, 2002). The basic merits of international convergence with harmonization include:- Enhancement of the scope of comparability of the respective financial reports made in different locations globally with the provision of participating agents in international capital markets which will yield information with better quality upon which the basis of investment and credit decisions will depend. This system will be instrumental for reduction of costs pertaining to financial analysis by the process of analysts not have to make recasting of information on the basis of common criterion with requirement of knowledge of only one type of financial reporting standard instead of different practices and standards. Removal of barriers for international flows of capital through the process of reduction of difference in financial reporting which is required by the participants of international market of capital with the increased level of understanding by the investors of overseas of the financial reports of Australian companies. Reduction of costs related to financial reporting for Australian MNCs along with overseas companies which are operative in Australia and reporting in different places. To exercise meaningful comparing of financial performance and position of both Australian and overseas reporting entities of public sector. 2. To justify the comments of the critics related to application of IFRS in several different fields of accounting practices as per guideline of IASB, we have to understand the basic features of IFRS with the area of coverage the said accounting standard provides. The IFRS framework is describing the basic features of the said accounting standard which is elementary for underlying the preparation along with presentation of financial statement for outside users. The main role of IFRS is to play the role of guiding the Board to develop the future IFRSs with the objective to resolve different issues related to accounting which are not being directly addressed in International Accounting Standard or IFRS with Interpretation. To resolve the issues related to specific application of any transaction, management should decide for proper accounting policy to judge its feasibility with the relevancy and reliability of the information. To ensure proper judgment related to adoption of accounting policy IAS 8.11, management has to make consideration about the definition , criteria of recognition, along with the concepts of measuring of different elements of accounting practices like assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses in the perspective of using IFRS framework. This escalated implication related to the importance of the IFRS framework was included in the revision of IAS 8 in the year 2003(Pwc, 2015). The scope of IFRS Framework addresses to the following:- Objective related to financial reporting Derived qualitative features of useful financial information The entity sponsors the reporting Identification of the relevant elements of accounting from which the financial statements are derived which are defined, recognized and measured. Basic concepts to understand capital and its maintenance With all the above features, the ability of IFRS to satisfy the needs of accounting standards which can be encouraged through different revolution and respective changes of IFRS and in turn, these are elementary to match the need of the perfect accounting system in place for any organization to ensure proper reporting related to accounting in respect of different elements specified through IFRS. Hence the application of IFRS so far in the context of its utility in accounting standard is concerned; I think IFRS sponsored by IASB will be the lead standard of accounting globally due to its application and gradual renovation which is backed by innovative ideas by the experts of the team(Iasplus, 2010). The basic debate is related to the integrity of the IASB so far its concern about the interest of public is concerned. It is heard that IASB is mainly looking after some small spectrum interest of the firms of accountants. Although the status of IASB is being projected as a body with self regulatory power exercised with the exception of practicing accountability to endorse democracy. It is also matter of great concern that the IFRS Foundation is mainly concentrating its focus on private and commercial interest-groups with the inadequate concentration of public interest. It is being argued that this accepted weakness is found in its governance which affects the quality of standard setting of IASB. It is also argued that the IFRS standards are posed to be within the thin layering of technocratic neutral attitude which is not meeting the requirements of the short tenured investors. IASB is more prone to depend upon the market-value based concept of fair value accounting which shows less respect for accounting. There is another belief that IFRS is sponsoring of short term affair with excessive dividend policies introduced in the capital market(Aasb, 2016). The counter argument says that the standard setting of the IASB has generated though the motivation of protecting public interest as per the constitution of IASB along with their mission statement. As it is observed that the most number of users of financial reports are consisted of investors and creditors who are directly involved with the company so far public interest is concerned. It is also observed that the compliance of objectives so far accounting standard is concerned is mostly coming from aspirations and so it is bit difficult to accomplish the objective in full term. IFRS is mainly concentrating on the issues of imposing rigorous and disciplined practice in the capital market without pampering the unjustified profit and subsequent dividend declaration. This action always improves the trust building on the accounting standard with ensuring economic growth and sustainable financial stability. IFRS, the product of IASB is also proves to be cost effective in application throug h encouragement of promotion of confidence in growing global economy(Hoogervorst Prada, 2016). To answer the question of the feasibility of the Australian local bodies to adopt IFRS as their accounting platform, it is noted that the adoption of the IFRS in Australia is being treated as an important happening so far the financial reporting is concerned with its history. This happening had emerged as a debatable issue while the consideration of implication related to IFRS along with its material impact on the financial performance and quality of accounts of Australian entity. The expected changes in the accounting standards in local public identities were supposed to impose major changes in the way by which the local public bodies used to report their financial activities with respective position to their shareholders and other associates(Ifrs, 2016). The reporting of IFRS after implementation and adoption with the elements like surplus, assets, equity and liabilities are major concern of big numbers of local government entities. The results such derived also put light on the insight about the probable effect on reported numbers by the councils of local statute like Canada, Malaysia and the UK who are intending to start implementation of IFRS for their local public bodies. The requirement of the situation is to conduct further studies to be undertaken for the purpose of investigating different areas of the process of IFRS adoption. It is required to undergo different case studies to find the feasibility of the adoption process from the perspective of longitudinal aspects. The role of these studies is important in highest regard as it projects the respective effects on the performance of the local bodies. The role of the studies in different countries for adoption of IFRS in the local public bodies enhances the scope of deriving th e success of this accounting standard with the identification of merits and demerits of the standard. This comparative analysis can highlight the opportunities to derive the positivity of different adoption strategies with the enhanced application(Ahmed Alam, 2012). References: Aasb, 2002. International Convergence and Harmonisation Policy. [Online] Available at: https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/ACCPS4_4-02.pdf [Accessed 30 September 2016]. Aasb, 2015. Presentation of Financial Statements. [Online] Available at: https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB101_07-15.pdf [Accessed 30 September 2016]. Aasb, 2016. The Standard-Setting Process. [Online] Available at: https://www.aasb.gov.au/About-the-AASB/The-standard-setting-process.aspx [Accessed 30 September 2016]. Ahmed, K. Alam, M., 2012. The Effect of IFRS Adoption on the Financial Reports of Local Government Entities; https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1370context=aabfj. Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal, 6(3), pp.106-20. Charteredaccountants, 2016. Financial Instruments (revision to IAS 39). [Online] Available at: https://www.charteredaccountants.com.au/Industry-Topics/Reporting/Current-issues/Convergence/News-and-updates/Financial-Instruments-revision-to-IAS-39 [Accessed 30 September 2016]. Hoogervorst, H. Prada, M., 2016. Working in the Public Interest: The IFRS Foundation and the IASB. [Online] Available at: https://www.ifrs.org/About-us/Documents/Working-in-the-Public-Interest.pdf [Accessed 30 September 2016]. Iasplus, 2010. Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting 2010. [Online] Available at: https://www.iasplus.com/en/standards/other/framework [Accessed 30 September 2016]. Ifrs, 2016. IFRS Application around the world. [Online] Available at: https://www.ifrs.org/Use-around-the-world/Documents/Jurisdiction-profiles/Australia-IFRS-Profile.pdf [Accessed 30 September 2016]. Pwc, 2015. IAS 8 - Accounting policies, accounting estimates and errors (IAS 8). [Online] Available at: https://inform.pwc.com/inform2/s/IAS_8_Accounting_policies_accounting_estimates_and_errors_IAS_8/informContent/0915113103126213 [Accessed 30 September 2016].

Aisha Rapant Essays (424 words) - African-American Literature

Aisha Rapant Essays (424 words) - African-American Literature Aisha Rapant Capsule 1 Song of Solomon Flipped Meanings Throughout centuries, the colors black and white have been used in literature to signify differences in situations and characters. Typically, black represents darkness, sadness, and evil, while white represents lightness, innocence, truth, and overall good. In Song of Solomon, Toni Morrison represents the two colors differently, making you understand the significance of the story. Black is considered normality, and white almost always is lead to something terrible. The characters, themselves, even represent this idea. It is very much prevalent in The Seven Days. This is a formed hate group of black men, whom the idea of whites killing blacks infuriates them so much that they reciprocate, and punish the white person the same way. To them, the same hateful acts and violence are deemed worse than if a black person initially committed it. It's not the act of violence that is seen as infuriating, it's the fact that it's coming from a white person. This sort of thought is also seen briefly through Guitar's interactions after the saw mill accident with his father. The mill's white foreman offers the family almost no sympathy or financial support. There's a general hatred seen towards the man after. Also, I see significance in Milkman's name as well. Even though his name represents purity and simplicity, him as an individual is self-centered and very materialistic, going along with the luxurious life he's lived. In addition to the characters, animals are directly related to the symbol of whiteness. Both the white bull and peacock had not so pure meaning behind them. First of all, the bull created the fate of Freddie's mother, whom died giving birth to him as she saw a police officer walking towards her that eventually turned into the white bull. The encounters between the divided subject in the book make whites seem powerful, and not in a good way. Finally, there was the incident with Milkman, Guitar, and the white peacock. Chasing, and wanting to catch this bird was a straight reference to the books epigraph, "The fathers may soar and the children may know their names." The peacock is all fancied-up; not allowing it to take flight. In this book, flight means freedom. This mainly relates to Milkman, when Guitar states, "Too much tail. All that jewelry weighs it down. Like vanity. Can't nobody fly with all that shit. Wanna fly, you got to give up the shit that weighs you down (179)."Morris on, Toni.Song of Solomon. New York: Penguin Books, 1987.

Three Guineas Essays

Three Guineas Essays Three Guineas Paper Three Guineas Paper ‘Three Guineas’ by Virginia Woolf and ‘Testament of Youth’ by Vera Brittain Virginia Woolf and Vera Brittain are feminist writers who opposed war and military operation fighting for global peace and happiness. Their writings reflect anti-war ideas, views and possible solution to the problems, and appeal to readers though vivid images and emotional narration. Thesis On the other hand, Woolf and Brittain agree that education of women is the main source of resistance to war; on the other hand, they differ in their views on women’s role in international organizations and their political role as anti-war agents. Pacifism is the main theme which runs though both works. During World War I, an extreme masculine ideal of the intrepid combat-ready patriot, prepared not only to kill but to die for his country, held sway in the minds of many young men and in the population at large, despite pockets of resistance to this view. ‘Three Guineas’ is written as a series of letters devoted to different war problems and political issues. Woolf suggests ways and methods on how to prevent war and organize women in a strong political movement. She explains that feminism is a strong force which could help to stop military operations and oppose violence. She states that those who volunteer and the vast majority of those who are drafted are trained in military camps to accept a militarist ethos that hold that power and status come by subduing and controlling others. ‘Testament of Youth’ is an autobiographical work of Vera Brittain which portrays hardship and grievances faced by the author. At the beginning of the novel, Vera plans to enter the Oxford University and marry Roland Leighton. Unfortunately, the war begins and her brother Edward and Roland are commissioned. During WWI, Vera works as a nurse in a Voluntary Aid Department. After the war, she returns to Oxford but experience great emotional distress caused by war and deaths of her brother Edward and Roland. Both authors portray that because of their personal decision to reject soldiering, many World War I objectors experience extraordinarily brutal conditions under military authority. A number of memoirs attest to the strength of purpose that most objectors exemplified in light of such savage treatment and reveal the high price they paid for their stand. Both authors see war as a tremendous evil which ruins life and happiness of their families and children. The main difference between Woolf and Brittain is their approaches to anti-war movements and techniques used to oppose the war. Woolf supposes that women can enter international system taking an active part in public life and international agencies. Woolf describes that women’s league can help to prevent war playing an active role in international affairs and politics. Woolf (2003) writes â€Å"the main distinction between us who are outside society and you who are inside society must be that whereas you will make use of the means provided by your position- leagues, conferences, campaigns, great names, and all such public measures as your wealth and political influence place within your reach- we, remaining outside, will experiment not with public means in public but with private means in private†. Woolf state that women should be convinced that the creation of a new set of values about manliness, one that incorporated the ideal of a nonviolent New Man, constituted important peace work. They hoped that the future ability of the state to prosecute war would be compromised by their disruptive voices and actions. In contrast to Woolf, Brittain expresses the idea of medical assistance of women during the war. Brittain works in a Voluntary Aid Department during the war and describes her experience as: â€Å"I managed to extract approval from most of the nurses, †¦ I seized with avidity upon all the unpleasant tasks of which they were only too glad to be relieved, and took a masochistic delight in emptying bed-pans, washing greasy cups and spoons, and disposing of odoriferous dressings in the sink-room† (Brittain 1989 p. 34).

Advertising Journal #4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advertising Journal #4 - Essay Example The Coca-Cola Company (TCCC) presents its ads through television, newspapers, the Internet, billboards, hoardings and prize schemes etc. The ads under study have been developed for the children, who serve as the most passionate and ambitious consumers. The ad, above-mentioned, has been developed in such a way that it immediately captures the attention of little children, who insist to buy the product not only for themselves, but also for their stuffed toys. Teddy bear is one of the most popular stuffed toys among children, and when children find their toys drinking beverage, they feel delighted and purchase the same brand, causing the multiplicity in sales of the product. Though the ad appears to be confined to the children only, yet it is children that play vital role in the promotion of a segment. In addition, the ad covers the entire children community without race, religion, region and status. Moreover, bear is the national symbol of Russia, and represents all cold areas where bears are in abundance. It shows even the chilliest areas look for Coca-Cola and cannot resist its charm. As afore-mentioned, TCCC presents its ads at special occasions. This ad represents the children’s unflinching joys while celebrating Christmas in the company of Santa Claus drinking Coca-Cola and refreshing their delight and mirth. It also gives the message that there is no concept of holidays for Coco-Cola, nor the holidays can keep children away from their favorite beverage. The ad is a traditional expression of holidays, religious fervor and children’s passion to look for their favorite diet during fun making and enjoying. Happiness of the children can be observed by looking into their eyes and smiles, and Santa Claus is the representative of peace, joy and generosity, which proves the beverage source of joy and peace. Children are the